生平

其父死后，被努尔哈赤养渖阳盛京宫中，作亲儿般看待，封为和硕贝勒。崇德八年八月，世祖即位，济尔哈朗奉命与睿亲王多尔衮一同辅政。顺治四年二月，因建筑府第逾制，擅自使用铜狮、铜龟、铜鹤，被罚银二千，罢免辅政职务。五年九月，被授予定远大将军，率师南下湖广。七年正月，班师还朝。十一月多尔衮暴毙，济尔哈朗果断逮捕多尔衮哥哥阿济格。九年二月，进封叔和硕郑亲王。

顺治十二年在北京病逝，年五十六。葬于西直门外白石桥。乾隆四十三年（1778）正月，下诏配享太庙，复嗣王封号为郑。谥号献。

家庭

济尔哈朗的二哥是阿敏。

妻妾

• 后金时期，贵族奉行一夫多妻多妾制，诸妻皆称福晋，继娶福晋非丧妻再娶。

• 嫡福晋，钮祜禄氏，巴图鲁、公额亦都之女

• 二娶福晋，叶赫那拉氏，德尔赫礼台吉之女，叶赫部贝勒金台石（孝慈高皇后之兄、皇太极舅舅）孙女

• 三娶福晋，钴尔哈苏氏，卓礼克图塔布囊之女

• 四娶福晋，扎鲁特博尔济吉特氏，巴格贝勒之女。

• 五娶福晋，叶赫那拉氏，名苏泰，林丹汗遗孀，德尔赫礼（德尔格勒）台吉之女。二娶福晋叶赫那拉氏之姐妹。

• 庶福晋，瓜尔佳氏，佐领察喇赖之女。

• 庶福晋，萨尔都氏，云骑尉达祜之女。

• 庶福晋，瓜尔佳氏，扎塔之女。

• 庶福晋，安氏，贴喇尼之女。

• 庶福晋，云氏，德克素尼之女。

• 庶福晋，戴佳氏，云骑尉品级南达海之女。

• 庶福晋，钮祜禄氏，伯尔格之女。

• 妾赫舍里氏，戴达礼之女

• 妾马氏，武赖之女

• 妾戴氏，骁骑校松坤之女

• 妾晋氏，山隆之女

• 妾蒙郭苏氏，迈密山之女

子嗣（10子）

• 长子悫厚世子富尔敦（1633-1651），天聪七年癸酉五月十三日巳时生，母侧福晋扎鲁特博尔吉吉特氏巴格贝勒之女；顺治八年辛卯四月二十日午时卒，年十九岁；嫡福晋博尔吉吉特氏多罗炳图郡王额参之女，继福晋纳喇氏都统拉那之女，

• 次子和硕简纯亲王济度（1633-1660），母三娶福晋钴尔哈苏氏卓礼克图塔布囊之女

• 三子多罗敏简郡王勒度（1636-1655），崇德元年丙子九月二十九日亥时生，母侧福晋扎鲁特博尔吉吉特氏巴格贝勒之女，与第一子同母；顺治十二年乙未十二月十九日卯时卒，年二十岁；嫡福晋科尔沁博尔吉吉特氏满图台吉之女，无嗣。

• 四子追封和硕简亲王巴尔堪（1637-1680），崇德二年丁丑闰四月二十五日丑时生，母庶福晋瓜尔佳氏札塔之女；康熙十九年庚申十月十一日寅时卒于军，年四十四岁；嫡福晋萨察氏瓦礼之女，继福晋瓜尔佳氏轻车都尉塔尔喀齐之女，妾刘氏刘相文之女，妾卓特氏鄂尔济泰之女，妾张氏张启封之女；五子：长子追封和硕简亲王巴塞，次子叶成额，三子额尔屯，四子奉国将军阿尔苏，五子阿尔台。

• 五子都统辉兰（1640-1701），崇德五年庚辰五月初八日辰时生，母为庶福晋安氏帖喇尼之女；康熙四十年辛巳十二月初二日子时卒，年六十二岁；嫡妻萨尔图氏郎中丹岱之女，继妻纳喇氏参领噶都浑之女，妾宗氏宗进位之女，妾娄氏伯车齐之女，妾金氏伯鲁之女，妾王氏王洪志之女，妾张氏张增玉之女，妾杨氏杨增盛之女，妾王氏双鼎之女；十八子：长子辉锡，次子伊哈达，三子纬锡，四子九塞，五子章雅图，六子奇资，七子玛喇德，八子阳罇，九子万德，十子禄景，十一子富朗，十二子佛奇，十三子玛尔图，十四子老君保，十五子赫顺，十六子前锋统领哈尔吉，十七子富雄，十八子德永保。

• 六子席图库（1642-1651），崇德七年壬申七月二十二日子时生，母为庶福晋瓜尔佳氏察喇礼之女；顺治八年辛卯十二月初九日戌时卒，年七岁。

• 七子辅国将军固美（1645-1693），顺治二年乙酉十二月二十三日寅时生，母庶福晋萨尔都氏云骑尉达钴之女；康熙三十二年癸酉八月初二日午时卒，年四十九岁；嫡妻佟佳氏侍郎锡图之女，妾崔氏崔达之女。八子：长子固尔浑，次子察尔奇，三子墨尔森，四子都尔孙，五子呼保珠，六子柴塞，七子雄宝珠，八子索住。

• 八子留锡（1648-1703），顺治五年戊子五月十八日巳时生，母庶福晋钮钴禄氏伯尔格之女；康熙四十二年癸未九月初五日子时卒，年五十六岁；嫡妻佟佳氏护军校富达里之女，继妻瓜尔佳氏佐领威赫德之女，三娶妻纳喇氏尚书能图之女，妾张氏鼐格之女。五子：长子恩龄，次子观琳珠，三子西林，四子胥保珠，五子已革御史稽鲁。

• 九子告退辅国将军武锡（1653-1707），顺治十年癸巳四月二十四日丑时生，母庶福晋云氏德克素尼之女；康熙四十六年丁亥十二月初三日卯时卒，年五十五岁；嫡妻他塔喇氏前锋参领尼雅汉之女，妾张氏平瑟之女，妾李氏存珠之女，妾姚氏姚云清之女，妾李氏李达之女，妾胡氏胡永福之女，妾朱氏朱祥之女。二十三子：长子奉国将军西克特恩，次子伊藤额，三子奉国将军西亲，四子锡绵，五子锡达，六子锡森，七子五品官锡尔泰，八子锡克新，九子锡詹，十子伊詹，十一子锡理禄，十二子锡珠理，十三子锡泰，十四子锡德宜，十五子锡类，十六子锡苏，十七子锡奇，十八子锡星，十九子锡海，二十子鄂齐哈，二十一子双子，二十二子珠禄，二十三子锡惠。

• 十子海伦（1655-1683），顺治十二年乙未正月二十七日子时生，庶母赫舍里氏戴达礼之女；康熙二年癸卯五月初二日酉时卒，年十九岁。

女儿

• 长女，嫁恩格德尔额驸和孙岱格格之子额尔克戴青。

注释

Career before 1643

In 1627, Jirgalang took part in the first Manchu campaign against Korea under the command of his older brother Amin. In 1630, when Amin was stripped of his titles for having failed to fight an army of the Ming dynasty, Huangtaiji gave Jirgalang control of the Bordered Blue Banner, which had been under Amin's command. As one of "four senior beile" (the other three were Daišan, Manggūltai, and Huangtaiji himself), Jirgalang participated in many military campaigns against the Ming and the Chahar Mongols. In 1636 he was granted the title "Prince Zheng of the First Rank", with rights of perpetual inheritance. In 1642, Jirgalang led the siege of Jinzhou, an important Ming city in Liaodong that surrendered to Qing forces in April of that year after more than one year of resistance.

Co-regency (1643-1647) and disgrace (1647-1650)

While Dorgon was staying in Mukden, in November or December 1643 Jirgalang was sent to attack Shanhai Pass, a fortified Ming position that guarded access to the plain around Beijing. In January or February 1644, Jirgalang requested that his name be placed after Dorgon's in all official communications. On February 17, 1644, Jirgalang, who was a capable military leader but looked uninterested in managing state affairs, willingly yielded control of all official matters to Dorgon. He was not present when Qing forces entered Beijing in early June 1644. In 1647 he was removed from his post of regent and replaced by Dorgon's brother Dodo. Despite his removal, Jirgalang continued to serve as a military leader. In March 1648, Dorgon ordered the arrest of Jirgalang on various charges and had Jirgalang degraded from a qinwang (first-rank prince) to a junwang (second-rank prince). Later in the same year, however, Jirgalang was sent to southern China to fight troops loyal to the Southern Ming. In early 1649, Jirgalang, accompanied by Han Chinese soldiers under Han Chinese banner general Prince Kong Youde loyal to the Qing, ordered a six-day massacre of the inhabitants of the city of Xiangtan in present-day Hunan due to fierce resistance by Li Chixin's army who were former Chuang (Li Zicheng's) partisans. Southern Ming loyalist He Tengjiao was also killed at Xiangtan by Kong Youde. He returned to Beijing in 1650 after having the capture of He Tengjiao against the forces of the Yongli Emperor, the last ruler of the Southern Ming regime.

The "Jirgalang faction" (1651-1655)

The group led by Jirgalang that historian Robert Oxnam has called the "Jirgalang faction" was composed of Manchu princes and nobles who had opposed Dorgon and who returned to power after the latter died on December 31, 1650. Concerned that Dorgon's brother Ajige may try to succeed Dorgon, Jirgalang and his group arrested Ajige in early 1651. Jirgalang remained a powerful figure at the Qing imperial court until his death in 1655. The four future regents of the Kangxi Emperor - Oboi, Ebilun, Sonin, and Suksaha - were among his supporters.

Death and posterity

Soon after Jirgalang died of illness on June 11, 1655, his second son Jidu (济度 Jìdù; 1633–1660) inherited his princely title, but the name of the princehood was changed from "Zheng" (郑) to "Jian" (简). The title "Prince Zheng" was re-established in 1778 when the Qianlong Emperor praised Jirgalang for his role in the Qing defeat of Ming and granted Jirgalang a place in the Imperial Ancestral Temple.

Jirgalang's second son Jidu and Jidu's second son Labu (喇布 Lăbù; d. 1681) participated in military campaigns in the second half of the Shunzhi Emperor's reign and the early reign of the Kangxi Emperor, notably against Koxinga and Wu Sangui.

Jirgalang's 13th generation descendants Duanhua (Prince Zheng) and Sushun (Duanhua's younger brother) were politically active during the reign of the Xianfeng Emperor (r. 1851-1861). They were appointed as two of eight regents for the infant Tongzhi Emperor (r. 1862-1874), but were quickly overthrown in 1861 in the Xinyou Coup that brought Empress Dowager Cixi and the young emperor's uncle Prince Gong to power.

Family

Father: Šurhaci

• Paternal Grandfather: Taksi, Emperor Xuan

• Paternal grandmother: Hitara Emeci, Empress Xuan (喜塔拉。额穆齐, 宣皇后)

Mother: Ula Nara Hunai, secondary consort ( 侧福晋 乌拉那拉·虎奈)

• Maternal grandfather:

----Consorts and issue:

• Primary consort, of the Niohuru clan (嫡福晋 钮祜禄氏), daughter of Eidu

• Primary consort, of the Yehe-Nara clan (继福晋 叶赫那拉氏), daughter of prince De'erheli (德尔赫礼台吉), granddaughter of Yehe beile Gintaisi (金台石, pinyin:jintaishi), elder sister of Sutai.

• Secondary consort, of the Gu'erhasu clan (侧福晋 钴尔哈苏氏)，daughter of tabunang Zhuoliketu (卓礼克图塔布囊)

　• Jidu (济度;1633-1660), second son, Prince Jianchun of the First Rank (简纯亲王)

• Secondary consort, of the Jarud Borjigin clan (扎鲁特博尔济吉特氏), daughter of beile Bage (巴格贝勒)

　• Fu'erdun (富尔敦;1633-1651), first son, heir apparent Quehou (悫厚世子)

　• Ledu (勒度;1636-1655), third son,

• Secondary consort, Yehenara Sutai (叶赫那拉·苏泰), daughter of De'erheli (德尔赫礼台吉)

• Mistress , of the Gūwalgiya clan (庶福晋 瓜尔佳氏), daughter of Chalalai (察喇赖)

　• Xitujun (锡图军; 1642-1651), sixth son

• Mistress, of the Sardu clan (庶福晋 萨尔都氏), daughter of Master Commander of Cavalry Dahu (云骑尉达祜)

　• Gumei (固美), Bulwark General (辅国将军), seventh son

• Mistress, of the Gūwalgiya clan(庶福晋 瓜尔佳氏), daughter of Zhata (扎塔)

　• Ba'erkan (巴尔堪), Prince Jianwu of the First Rank (简武亲王), fourth son

• Mistress, of the An clan (庶福晋 安氏), daughter of Tielani (贴喇尼)

　• Kunlan (裈兰), fifth son, served as first rank military official (都统)

• Mistress, of the Yun clan (庶福晋 云氏), daughter of Dekesuoni (德克素尼)

　• Wuxi (武锡;1653-1707), Bulwark General (辅国将军)

• Mistress, of the Daigiya clan (庶福晋 戴佳氏), daughter of Master Commander of Cavalry Nandahai (云骑尉品级南达海)

• Mistress, of the Niohuru clan (庶福晋 钮祜禄氏), daughter of Bai'erge (伯尔格)

　• Liuxi (留锡;1648-1703), eighth son

• Wife, of the Hešeri clan(妾 赫舍里氏), daughter of Daidali (戴达礼)

　• Hailun (海伦, 1655-1683), tenth son

• Wife, of the Ma clan (妾 马氏), daughter of Wulai (武赖)

• Wife, of Dai clan (妾戴氏), daughter of Xiaoqijiao songkun (骁骑校松坤)

• Wife, of the Jin clan (妾晋氏), daughter of Shanlong (山隆)

• Wife, of the Mengguosu clan (妾蒙郭苏氏), daughter of Maimishan (迈密山)

　• First daughter

　　• married E'erkedaiqing (额尔克戴青) of the Borjigin clan