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袁術[查看正文] [修改] [查看歷史]ctext:155826
關係 | 對象 | 文獻依據 |
---|---|---|
type | person | |
name | 袁術 | |
name-style | 公路 | 《後漢書·卷一百五·列傳第六十五》:袁術字公路,汝南汝陽人,司空逢之子也。 |
died-date | 建安四年六月 199/7/11 - 199/8/9 | 《後漢書·卷九·帝紀第九孝獻帝》:夏六月,袁術死。 |
born | 155 | |
died | 199 | |
authority-cbdb | 135153 | |
authority-wikidata | Q450370 | |
link-wikipedia_zh | 袁术 | |
link-wikipedia_en | Yuan_Shu | |
killed | person:劉寵 | |
at-date 建安二年 197/2/5 - 198/1/25 | 《後漢書·卷九·帝紀第九孝獻帝》:袁術殺陳王寵。 |
顯示更多...: 生平 高官家世 南陽發跡 勇而無斷 淮南複興 僭號稱帝 身後 逸聞 人物評語 家庭 祖父 父親 兄弟 妻子 岳父 子女 子孫 族人 部下 武將 文官 郡守刺史 依附拉攏 劫持 藝術形象 漫畫 影視 遊戲 注釋
生平
高官家世
袁術出身東漢研究儒學的世家、號稱四世三公的汝南袁氏,為司空袁逢之嫡子。由於庶兄袁紹是伯父袁成的嗣子,因此史書普稱袁術為袁紹的堂弟,其實血緣上兩人是同父異母的親兄弟。《三國志》記載袁術「舉孝廉,除郎中,歷職內外,後為折衝校尉、虎賁中郎將」。
南陽發跡
《後漢書·袁術傳》說袁術:「少以俠氣聞,數與諸公子飛鷹走狗,後頗折節。舉孝廉,累遷至河南尹、虎賁中郎將。」何進被殺後,袁術率虎賁圍南宮,焚燒嘉德殿青鎖門,欲逼迫宦官段珪出宮。董卓入洛陽後,卓欲廢天子,表袁術為後將軍,袁術懼禍逃往南陽,遂有南陽之眾。孫堅殺南陽太守張咨,引兵從術。於是劉表薦袁術為南陽太守。南陽戶口尚數十百萬,但是他不修法度,以抄掠為資,奢姿無厭,百姓患之。
勇而無斷
袁紹想立劉虞為帝,但袁術行事放縱,不願見到成年的漢朝皇帝,于是託辭公義不贊同袁紹的提議,使兄弟兩人積怨翻臉。袁術派遣孫堅進攻董卓尚未返回豫州,袁紹遂以會稽的周昕為豫州刺史,直接奪取孫堅後方的地盤,袁術引兵擊退周昕。由於豪傑大多依附袁紹,袁術怒罵他人寧可追隨「家奴」(指庶出的同父兄長袁紹)也不追隨自己,還曾寫信給幽州的公孫瓚說袁紹不是袁氏子孫。而此時劉虞之子劉和被漢獻帝派去連絡劉虞派兵來迎,但在途徑南陽時被袁術扣留,袁術藉此向劉虞索要了數千騎兵力,公孫瓚勸阻劉虞不成,為避免被怨恨遂派其堂弟公孫越支援袁術,並勸說袁術奪走那些兵馬,不久後公孫越戰死於袁紹引發的豫州爭奪戰,自此公孫瓚亦和袁紹結怨而長年征戰。
袁紹為了對抗袁術拉攏了荊州的劉表結盟,隨後袁術派遣孫堅征討劉表,但孫堅不幸戰死。之後袁術又協同朝廷任命的兗州刺史金尚攻兗州,術屯封丘,並得到黑山賊的餘部以及匈奴於扶羅等助戰,對上袁紹、曹操戰于匡亭但大敗。
袁術退保雍丘,率領餘部前往九江郡,殺了朝廷任命的揚州刺史陳溫自領其州,又兼稱徐州伯。另有一說陳溫當時已死,袁術南向壽春,被其任命的揚州刺史陳瑀拒絕接納,袁術退守陰陵並向陳瑀示好,陳瑀不知權變又膽怯,沒有立即攻打袁術,袁術遂于淮北聚集軍隊要取壽春,陳瑀感到畏懼,派弟弟陳琮向袁術請和反被扣留,使陳瑀逃到下邳。
李傕入長安後想交結袁術為援,于是派遣馬日磾授其左將軍、假節,進封陽翟侯,而袁術藉機奪走馬日磾的符節,並促馬日磾徵闢其麾下將士。
淮南複興
興平末(195年),袁術部曲追擊曹操,曹操逃到秦伯南那裡,秦伯南開門接收曹操。袁術追兵向秦伯南問曹操在哪,秦伯南謊稱就是自己,因而被殺。
建安元年(196年)春正月,曹操軍臨武平,袁術所置陳相袁嗣降。夏六月,袁術攻打劉備,此時劉備麾下的曹豹反叛,鼓動剛投靠劉備的呂布奪取了下邳,袁術順勢擊敗劉備占領徐州廣陵等地,舉薦吳景為廣陵太守,並鼓動呂布麾下的郝萌叛變但事敗。呂布讓兵敗的劉備駐守小沛,後袁術再度攻打劉備,呂布為免唇亡齒寒在轅門射戟使袁軍將領紀靈震懾而退兵。
僭號稱帝
袁術以五德終始說作依據,又認為神秘讖緯預言「代漢者當塗高」對應了其字「公路」,加上奪取了孫堅軍在洛陽拾獲的傳國璽,成為他稱帝的憑據;197年袁術在壽春僭號稱帝,建號仲家,仿效漢制的河南尹,以九江太守為淮南尹,置公卿,祠南北郊。
然而此舉引起各方諸侯反感,使袁術立刻成為眾矢之的,不久接連遭到孫策、呂布、曹操、劉備等勢力的叛盟與打擊。孫策致書責袁術僭號,遂在江東脫離袁術自立,趕走袁術任命的丹楊太守袁胤;孫策的舅父廣陵太守吳景與堂兄九江太守孫賁亦皆脫離袁術跟隨孫策征江東,使袁術喪失廣陵、江東等大片土地,實力重挫;呂布拒助袁術而殺了袁術來使韓胤,並擊敗試圖報復的袁術軍;其後袁術又因派人刺殺漢室藩王劉寵及其國相駱俊併吞陳受到曹操軍的討伐,由此袁術只能逃至淮南。
197年秋天,江淮鬧飢荒,處處可見人吃人的慘劇。當時袁術以舒邵為沛相,曾給十萬斛米為軍糧,但被舒邵拿去賑濟饑民。袁術知道後非常憤怒,想殺舒邵。舒邵回答:「我知道難逃一死。但仍這樣做。寧可犧牲我一人性命,只希望能救百姓于苦難。」袁術聽完下馬扶起舒邵說道:「仲應啊!你是獨自想名重天下,不與我共享嗎?」儘管如此袁術仍奢侈度日,讓後宮穿著華服、享用珍饈,無視士卒挨餓受凍。
198年冬天,呂布被曹操攻打時,曾派許汜、王楷向袁術求救,但袁術對於其子未能與呂布之女聯姻耿耿於懷而不願救援,後經汜、楷陳說利害方才出兵,但軍隊為曹操阻斷,無力救援。
199年,袁術由於接連敗仗以及領地出現飢荒的影響陷入困頓,本想投靠屯兵於灊山的部下雷薄、陳蘭但被拒絕,因此欲將帝號送給擁有四州的袁紹,並前往投奔袁紹長子、時任青州刺史袁譚,但在途中被曹操派遣的劉備、朱靈擋下,無法通行,只能返回壽春。問廚下,僅剩麥屑三十斛。當時天氣炎熱,想喝蜜水,也找不到蜂蜜。袁術坐在床上歎息許久,大聲吼叫:「我袁術怎麼落得這個下場!」不久便在憂鬱憤懣之下嘔血而死。袁術死後,曾被其扣留的名士徐璆帶走了傳國璽並交還給漢室。
身後
袁術從弟袁胤畏曹操,不敢居壽春,率其部曲奉術柩及妻子奔廬江太守劉勳於皖城;孫策破劉勳,得袁術百工及鼓吹部曲三萬餘人,俘獲袁術、劉勳的妻子。
後來袁術女兒被納入孫權後宮,兒子袁燿仕吳為郎中,袁燿的女兒又許配給孫權的兒子孫奮。
逸聞
袁術擔任長水校尉,車馬華貴,喜好奢華行為放肆,常盛氣凌人,被人稱為「路中悍鬼袁長水」。
人物評語
• 蒯越:「袁術勇而無斷。」(裴注《三國志·劉表傳》引司馬彪戰略)
• 董卓:「但殺二袁兒,則天下自服矣。」(《後漢紀·孝獻皇帝紀卷第二十六》)
• 陳登:「公路驕豪,非治亂之主。」(《三國志·蜀書‧先主傳第二》)
• 孔融:「袁公路豈憂國忘家者邪?塚中枯骨,何足介意。」(《三國志·蜀書‧先主傳第二》)
• 陳珪:「暹、奉與術,卒合之軍耳,策謀不素定,不能相維持,子登策之,比之連雞,勢不俱棲,可解離也。」 (《三國志·呂布傳》)
• 何夔:「天之所助者順,人之所助者信。術無信順之實,而望天人之助,此不可以得志于天下。」
• 呂布:「喜為大言以誣天下。」
• 裴松之:「袁術無毫芒之功,纖介之善,而猖狂于時,妄自尊立,固義夫之所扼腕,人鬼之所同疾。雖複恭儉節用,而猶必覆亡不暇。」
• 陳壽:「袁術奢淫放肆,榮不終己,自取之也。」
• 王沈:「為長水校尉,好奢淫,騎盛車馬,以氣高人,語曰:『路中捍鬼袁長水』。」
• 范曄《後漢書》:「術雖矜名尚奇,而天性驕肆,尊己陵物。及竊偽號,淫侈滋甚,媵御數百,無不兼羅紈,厭梁肉,自下飢困,莫之簡恤。」
• 常璩:「漢末大亂,雄傑並起。若董卓、呂布、二袁、韓、馬、張、楊、劉表之徒,兼州董郡,眾動萬計,叱吒之間,皆自謂漢祖可踵,桓、文易邁。」
• 伏滔《晉書·列傳第六十二》:「李憲因亡新之餘,袁術當衰漢之末,負力幸亂,遂生僭逆之計,建號九江,稱制下邑,狼狽奔亡,傾城受戮。」
• 王勃:「區區公路,欲據列郡之尊;瑣瑣伯珪,謂保易京之業。瓚既窘斃,術亦憂終。」
• 司馬光:「術以俠氣聞。」
• 何去非《何博士備論之魏論》:「方二袁之起,借其世資以撼天下。紹舉四州之眾,南向而逼官渡;術據南陽,以擾江淮,遂竊大號;呂布驍勇,轉斗無前而爭袞州。方是之時,天下之窺曹公,疑不複振。而人之所以爭附而樂赴者,袁、呂而已。」
• 陸游《讀袁公路傳》:「成敗相尋豈有常,英雄最忌數悲傷。蕪蔞豆粥從來事,何恨郵亭坐簀床?」
• 郝經《續後漢書》:「術恃塚中枯骨,敢奸大分,罪浮于紹矣。」
• 柳從辰:「卓雖受誅,豪傑並起,跨州連郡如劉虞、公孫瓚、陶謙、袁紹、劉表、劉焉、袁術、呂布者,皆嘗雄視一時,其權力猶足匡正帝室。」
• 繆沅:「公路浦前白日昏,千重駭浪猶奔騰。袁曹昔時爭戰地,秋原尚作黃雲屯。兄弟鬩牆事堪嘆,術也仇紹翻結瓚,謬算適足羞先公,強雲圖讖天所贊。里謠誰記當塗高,僭號不聞閻象諫。符命之說誠荒唐,當車有臂疑螳螂。江淮凍飢士卒死,宮中日夜為荒亡。蛾眉皓齒競害寵,馮家小女悲懸梁。山之敗所自致,江亭奔竄如亡羊。堆床十斛僅麥屑,一勺入口無蜜漿。當時割據意何取,離離滿目悲禾黍。我來袁浦為弔古,老龍晝眠蛟夜舞,鯨波蝕盡戰場土。」
• 羅貫中:「漢末刀兵起四方,無端袁術太猖狂,不思累世為公相,便欲孤身作帝王。強暴枉誇傳國璽,驕奢妄說應天祥。渴思蜜水無由得,獨臥空床嘔血亡。」
家庭
祖父
• 袁湯
父親
• 袁逢
兄弟
• 長兄袁基
• 庶兄袁紹(同父兄,按宗法為堂兄)
妻子
• 馮氏(馮方之女),有國色,避亂揚州,袁術將她納為妻,十分愛幸。袁術諸婦因妒將她絞死,袁術以為是自殺,厚加殯斂。由曹操《讓縣自明本志令》有「兩婦預爭為皇后」語,袁術應另有一妻。
岳父
• 馮方,中常侍曹節女婿,漢靈帝初年為尚書郎,後為大司農、司隸校尉。此人有可能是馮芳,不過存疑。
子女
• 袁耀(子),入孫吳官至郎中。
• 袁氏(女),入孫吳納為孫權妃。
• 袁氏(女),黃猗妻(《吳志·孫策傳》引《江表傳》)。
子孫
族人
• 袁隗,袁術叔父。
• 楊彪,袁術姻親,曾被曹操以此為由欲治其罪,後因孔融的辯護而釋放,其子楊修是袁術的外甥,証明袁術有姐姐或妹妹與楊彪結婚。
• 高幹,袁術外甥,在袁紹辭世後表面上歸順朝廷,後趁曹操對付袁紹之子袁熙和袁尚時,高幹舉兵叛變,但事敗被殺。
• 袁遺,袁術堂兄,字伯業,曾任長安令、揚州刺史,最後為袁術所敗,因部下背叛而被殺。曹操稱其「長大而能勤學者,惟吾與袁伯業矣。(白話:年紀漸長仍能堅持好學不倦的,就只有我與袁伯業了。)」
• 袁敘,袁術堂弟。
• 袁胤,袁術堂弟,曾任丹楊太守。
部下
武將
• 紀靈,曾領步騎三萬攻劉備,受呂布制止。小說中是袁術麾下大將,善使三尖兩刃刀。
• 荀正,三國演義虛構人物,紀靈副將,被關羽斬殺。
• 張勳,袁術部將,與橋蕤等聯同楊奉、韓暹合兵攻打呂布。
• 韓浩,袁術騎都尉,受夏侯惇賞識推薦,跟隨曹操。
• 橋蕤、梁綱、樂就、李豐,袁術部將,皆被曹操將于禁生擒,全部斬首。
• 萇奴,袁術部將,和董承拒險阻擋了曹操派遣的曹洪,使其未能迎天子。
• 戚寄、秦翊,袁術部將,曹操麾下的劉馥說服他們兩個,使率眾投降曹操。
• 張闓,袁術部曲,受袁術指使暗殺陳國相駱俊。
• 陳蘭,袁術部曲,屯兵於灊山,但之後拒納袁術,在袁術病死後降於曹操麾下的劉馥,又於劉馥逝世後叛變曹操,被張遼斬殺。
• 雷薄,袁術部曲,屯兵於灊山,但之後拒納袁術。
• 師宜官,著名書法家,後為袁術部將。
文官
• 李業,袁術謀臣,袁術曾協令何夔遊說蘄陽,何夔向李業表明心跡拒絕。
• 楊弘,袁術長史,演義誤將其名寫作楊大將。
• 閻象,袁術主簿,勸阻袁術稱帝。
• 韓胤,袁術使節,197年袁術僭號後被派去勸說呂布遣其女與袁術子通婚作為結盟,但呂布聽從陳珪的建議拒盟,並將其送至許昌被曹操處決。
• 張炯,河內人,以符命說袁術自立稱帝。
• 呂範,避亂江南效命袁術,後跟隨孫策。
• 袁渙,避亂江南被袁術徵用,與袁術對談,袁術對袁渙的說話無法反駁。
郡守刺史
• 劉勳,被袁術任命為廬江太守。袁術病死,袁術妻子依術故吏廬江太守劉勳,孫策破劉勳統治的廬江,劉勳率眾降曹操。
• 劉偕,劉勛之弟。
• 惠衢,被袁術任命為揚州刺史。
• 陳紀,丹陽人,被袁術任命為九江太守。
• 陳瑀,陳球長子,有一說被袁術任命為揚州刺史,但之後拒納袁術入揚州,被袁術攻伐,為此向袁術請和未果,棄揚州出奔下邳。
• 陳牧,陳瑀的大將。
• 萬演,陳瑀部下的都尉。
• 袁嗣,被袁術任命為陳相。曹操軍臨武平時,袁嗣投降。
• 舒邵,字仲膺,被袁術任命為沛相,將袁術軍十萬軍糧用以振災。
依附拉攏
• 鄭泰,謀刺董卓失敗後逃往袁術處。
• 金尚,朝廷任命接替劉岱為兗州刺史,被曹操趕走後投奔袁術。197年袁術僭號後欲授其太尉之位被回絕,脫離未成被袁術所殺。
• 孫堅,爭戰有功封烏程侯,袁術上表孫堅為破虜將軍,領豫州刺史。191年被袁術派去攻荊州劉表而死於襄陽之戰。
• 孫策,孫堅之子,孫堅戰死後襲封烏程侯。197年袁術僭號後脫離自立。
• 孫香,孫堅族人,隨孫堅爭戰多年,孫堅戰死後和孫策等人投靠袁術,孫堅戰死後和孫策等人投靠袁術。197年袁術僭號後脫離未成,不久於壽春病逝。
• 孫賁,孫堅姪子,孫堅戰死後率孫堅部眾投靠袁術,袁術上表孫賁為豫州刺史,後轉任九江太守。197年袁術僭號後脫離,投奔孫策。
• 吳景,孫堅妻弟,隨孫堅爭戰有功,受騎都尉,袁術上表吳景為丹楊太守,後轉任廣陵太守。197年袁術僭號後脫離,投奔孫策。
• 白波餘黨(楊奉、 韓暹),曹操救回獻帝後,二人投奔袁術。後答應呂布拉攏,背叛袁術。
• 汝南黃巾(何儀、劉闢、龔都、黃邵、何曼),領有數萬人,先是響應袁術,之後依附孫堅。
• 祖郎,涇縣賊帥,袁術曾聯絡祖郎鼓動山越對付孫策。
劫持
• 劉和,劉虞之子,漢侍中。漢獻帝派其連絡劉虞派兵來迎,但在途中被袁術扣留,以此向劉虞索要兵力,後投奔袁紹。
• 陳琮,字公琰,汝陰太守,陳球次子、陳瑀弟。有一說其兄陳瑀時為袁術所置的揚州刺史,拒納袁術入揚州,被袁術攻伐,于是派陳倧向袁術請和反被扣留。
• 何夔,避亂淮南,拒絕袁術徵召,被袁術強留。袁術與橋蕤攻曹操的蘄陽,袁術打算派何夔勸降,但何夔卻逃到灊山匿藏。
• 馬日磾,漢太尉。持節至壽春拜會袁術,被袁術搶去符節,欲逼其作為軍師,不久於壽春病逝。
• 陳應,陳珪之子,被袁術扣留,以此逼迫陳珪為自己所用,但被陳珪拒絕。
• 徐璆,徐淑之子,漢獻帝遷許時徵招他到京師赴任廷尉,但在途中被袁術扣留,拒絕袁術欲授予其上公之位,在袁術死後帶走傳國璽並交還給漢室。
藝術形象
漫畫
• 《蒼天航路》(王欣太)
• 《火鳳燎原》(陳某):設定為仁義自居之人,為了玉壐而收留孫策,初期有無名軍師輔助,本來早知道玉壐存在於洛陽,曾派人伺機去取但死於洛陽大火中,使孫堅得到,孫堅亦在無名軍師設計下被甘寧射殺,孫堅死後使人分化及兼併孫家的幕後黑手,在玉壐到手和無名軍師死後稱帝,在攻打呂布失敗後元氣大傷,在官渡之戰篇初期被劉備打敗後受司馬懿指使推袁紹為帝以換取糧食,最終被毒死。
影視
• 電視劇《貂蟬》(1988年):唐複雄
• 中國中央電視台電視劇《三國演義》(1994年):陳友旺、王福生
• 台灣華視電視劇《三國英雄傳之關公》(1996年):林偉
• 電視劇《曹操》(1999年):伍保國
• 中國電視劇《呂布與貂蟬》(2001年):徐震
• 中國中央電視台電視劇《武聖關公》(2004年):蔡厚貴
• 中國電視劇《三國》(2010年):閻沛
• 電視劇《曹操》(2014年):丁凱
遊戲
• 《三國殺Online》(2008年)
• 《真·三國無雙》系列(2000年至今)(配音:平井啟二(《真·三國無雙8》))
注釋
顯示更多...: Life Early life Campaign against Dong Zhuo (189–191) Rule in Nanyang and Chenliu (190–193) Warlord in Shouchun (193–197) Emperor of Zhongshi Dynasty (197–199) Family
Life
Early life
Yuan Shu was from Ruyang County (汝陽縣), Runan Commandery, which is in present-day Shangshui County, Henan. His family had for over four generations been a prominent force in the Han civil service, having produced numerous members in high positions since the first century CE. Descended from Yuan An, who served during the reign of Emperor Zhang, Yuan Shu was a son of the Minister of Works Yuan Feng (袁逢) and his principal wife. Yuan Shu is sometimes described to be a younger cousin of the warlord Yuan Shao, but was actually Yuan Shao's younger half-brother.
As a young man he gained a reputation for gallantry and liked to go hunting with dogs and falcons. Nominated as Filial and Incorrupt, he later became Intendant of Henan (河南尹) and then General of the Household Rapid as a Tiger (虎賁中郎將).
Campaign against Dong Zhuo (189–191)
After the death of General-in-Chief He Jin (22 September 189), Yuan Shu, as the Imperial Corps Commander of the Imperial Tiger Guards, led his men to kill the eunuch faction. When Dong Zhuo seized control of the Han central government, he wanted to appoint Yuan Shu as General of the Rear, but, fearing Dong Zhuo, Yuan Shu fled to Nanyang Commandery, which he took control over after Sun Jian killed its grand administrator, Zhang Zi.
Yuan Shu participated in the Campaign against Dong Zhuo led by Yuan Shao. He was joined by Sun Jian, whom he appointed to Inspector of Yu Province. Sun Jian succeeded in defeating and killing Dong's general Hua Xiong (191), but Yuan Shu grew wary that Sun would become too successful and no longer submit to his command, and temporarily secretly cut off Sun's food supplies, thereby hindering his advance. By the time Sun Jian reached Luoyang, it had been largely destroyed by fires set by Dong Zhuo, whose forces fled westwards to Chang'an, abducting the emperor. However, his soldiers found the Imperial Seal, which Sun Jian passed to his superior Yuan Shu.
Rule in Nanyang and Chenliu (190–193)
Yuan Shu's rule in Nanyang was despotic. After the dissension of the alliance against Dong Zhuo in 191, he vied with Yuan Shao over control of northern China, each establishing opposing alliances. Yuan Shu allied with Yuan Shao's northern rival Gongsun Zan, and Yuan Shao in turn allied with Yuan Shu's southern rival Liu Biao. Yuan Shu sent Sun Jian to attack Liu Biao, but his general was killed in the Battle of Xiangyang (191). Sun Jian's nephew Sun Ben succeeded him as Yuan Shu's general and Inspector of Yu Province. After this defeat and his unpopularity due to his extravagant regime in Nanyang, Yuan Shu moved his residence to Chenliu, and extended his influence into Yang Province in 192.
Warlord in Shouchun (193–197)
In early 193, Yuan Shu suffered repeated defeats, such as the Battle of Fengqiu, by the combined armies of Cao Cao and Yuan Shao. He fled to Shouchun in Jiujiang on the southern bank of the Huai River. From his new headquarters, he built up a powerful warlord state. He deposed Inspector Chen Wen of Yang Province and took the title for himself, also claiming to be Lord of Xu Province.
From 194 to early 197, Sun Jian's son Sun Ce and brother-in-law Wu Jing conquered many territories in Jiangdong on Yuan Shu's behalf. He was less successful in expanding his rule in Xu Province, where he fought against Liu Bei and Lü Bu; the latter briefly allied himself to Yuan Shu in 196, but betrayed him again and drove him back to Shouchun.
Emperor of Zhongshi Dynasty (197–199)
Yuan Shu declared himself emperor under the short-lived Zhongshi(仲) dynasty in early 197, citing superstition as his justification, including the Chinese characters for his given name Shu and courtesy name Gonglu, and his possession of the Imperial Seal. This audacious action made him a target of the other warlords. His extravagant lifestyle and arrogance caused many of his followers to desert him. Most devastating of the departures and defections – both to Yuan Shu personally and to the strength of his forces – was that by Sun Ce, who had conquered most of the Jiangdong territories under Yuan Shu's banner. Following crushing defeats by the armies of Cao Cao, Liu Bei, and Lü Bu, Yuan Shu attempted to flee north to join Yuan Shao. Yuan Shao sent his eldest son, Yuan Tan, to try to aid Yuan Shu; however, an alliance between the Yuan brothers who had long hated each other would not arise, as Yuan Tan arrived too late, and Yuan Shu's forces were destroyed by Liu Bei. He died shortly thereafter of sickness and in grief.
Family
• Grandfather: Yuan Tang (袁湯)
• Father: Yuan Feng (袁逢)
• Siblings:
• Yuan Shao, elder half-brother
• Cousins:
• Yuan Yi, elder cousin
• Yuan Yin (袁胤), younger cousin
• Spouse: Lady Feng (馮氏), daughter of Feng Fang (馮方)
• Children:
• Yuan Yao (袁耀), son. After Yuan Shu's death, Yuan Yao and his family fled to Lujiang Commandery to join the minor warlord Liu Xun. After Sun Ce defeated Liu Xun and conquered Lujiang Commandery, Yuan Yao was captured and eventually worked as a Palace Gentleman (郎中) in the state of Sun Quan's (Sun Ce's younger brother) state of Eastern Wu. Yuan Yao's daughter married Sun Fen (孫奮), the fifth son of Sun Quan.
• Lady Yuan (袁夫人), daughter, personal name unknown, became one of Sun Quan's concubines after she and her brother were captured. She was known for good character but did not give birth. Sun Quan let her raise children which were born by other concubines, however, all the children that she raised died at early ages. When Lady Bu died in 238, Sun Quan wanted to instate Lady Yuan as the empress. Lady Yuan refused with the reason of having no child.
• Lady Yuan (袁夫人), daughter, personal name unknown, married Huang Yi (黃猗)
• Relatives:
• Yuan Wei (袁隗), uncle
• Yang Biao (楊彪), brother-in-law
• He Kui (何夔), distant cousin
文獻資料 | 引用次數 |
---|---|
全上古三代秦漢三國六朝文 | 10 |
三國志 | 114 |
御定淵鑑類函 | 4 |
萬姓統譜 | 2 |
山堂肆考 | 2 |
資治通鑑 | 12 |
通志 | 2 |
後漢書 | 13 |
冊府元龜 | 2 |
文選 | 2 |
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