| Chinese Text Project |
| 食 U+98DF |  Seal script |  Jinwen |  Jiaguwen |  Jianbo | 飠 Semantic variant | 餐 Semantic variant | 饣 Alternate form | 𩚁 Semantic variant | 𩚃 Semantic variant |
| Radical: | 食+ 0 strokes = 9 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.357#51 p.525#16 Kangxi: p.1415#29 Cihai: p.1489r2c03 GSR: 921.a Hanyu: v7,p4440#01 |
| Composition: | Top: 亽, bottom: 艮. Component of: 飠 𠩸 𠋡 𪞓 𩚇 𩚏 𩚓 飡 飨 𩚜 𫷸 𪦿 𫗍 喰 湌 䬤 飧 䬥 䬩 𩛁 [More] |
| Mandarin: | shí sì yì ㄕˊ ㄙˋ ㄧˋ |
| Cantonese: | ji6 sik6 zi6 |
| Tang reconstruction: | *jhiək |
| Shuowen: | 《食部》食：一米也。从皀亼聲。或說亼皀也。凡食之屬皆从食。 |
| Guangyun: | 《廣韻·去聲·志·異》食：人名漢有酈食其。又音蝕。 《廣韻·入聲·職·食》食：飲食大戴禮曰食穀者智惠而巧古史考曰古者茹毛飲血燧人鑚火而人始裹肉而燔之曰炮及神農時人方食穀加米干燒石之上而食之及黃帝始有釜甑火食之道成矣又戲名博屬又用也，僞也，亦姓風俗通云漢有博士食于公河内人。乗力切，二。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·食部·食部》食：〔古文〕𩚃餐《唐韻》乗力切《集韻》《韻會》實職切，𠀤音蝕。《說文》一米也。《玉篇》飯食。《增韻》殽饌也。又茹也，啗也。《釋名》食，殖也，所以自生殖也。《古史考》古者茹毛飮血，燧人鑽火，而人始裹肉而燔之，曰炮。及神農時，人方食穀，加米于燒石之上而食之。及黃帝，始有釜甑，火食之道成矣。《易·需卦》君子以飮食宴樂。《書·益稷》曁稷播，奏庶艱食，鮮食。《傳》衆難得食處，則與稷教民播種之，決川有魚鱉，使民鮮食之。又《書·洪範》惟辟玉食。《註》珍食也。又食祿也。《禮·坊記》君子與其使食浮于人也，寧使人浮于食。又祭曰血食。《史記·𨻰涉世家》置守冢三十家碭，至今血食。又飮酒亦曰食。《前漢·于定國傳》定國食酒，至數石不亂。又耳食。《史記·六國表》學者牽于所聞，見秦在帝位日淺，不察其終始，因舉而笑之，不敢道，此與以耳食無異。又目食。《宋史·司馬光傳》飮食所以爲味也，適口斯善矣。世人取果餌刻鏤之，朱綠之，以爲槃案之翫，豈非以目食乎。又吐而復吞曰食。《書·湯誓》朕不食言。《左傳·僖十五年》我食吾言，背天地也。《爾雅·釋詁》食，僞也。《疏》言而不行，如食之消盡，故通謂僞言爲食言，故此訓食爲僞也。又蠱惑曰食。《管子·君臣篇》明君在上，便嬖不能食其意。又消也。《左傳·哀元年》伍員曰：後雖悔之，不可食已。《註》食，消也。又《書·洛誥》乃卜澗水東瀍水西惟洛食。《傳》卜必先墨畫龜，然後灼之，兆順食墨。又日食，月食。《易·豐卦》月盈則食。《春秋·隱三年》日有食之。又《左傳·襄九年》晉侯問於士弱曰：吾聞之，宋災，於是乎知有天道，何故。對曰：古之火正或食於心或食於咮，以出内火。又《禮·檀弓》我死，則擇不食之地而葬我焉。《註》不食，謂不墾耕。又《前漢·外戚傳》房與宮對食。《註》應劭曰：宮人自相與爲夫婦，名對食。房宮，二人名。又《揚子·方言》食閻，勸也。南楚凡已不欲喜而旁人說之，不欲怒而旁人怒之，謂之食閻。又寒食，節名。《荆楚歲時記》去冬至一百五日，卽有疾風甚雨，謂之寒食。又大食，國名，在西域波斯國西，都婆羅門，兵刃勁利，勇于野鬬。又《廣韻》戲名。博屬。又姓。漢有食子通。《希姓錄》後漢食于公。又《集韻》祥吏切《正韻》相吏切，𠀤音寺。《論語》有酒食，先生饌。《禮·曲禮》食居人之左。《註》食，飯屬也。又糧也。《周禮·地官·廩人》匪頒賙赐稍食。又以食與人也。《詩·小雅》飮之食之。《禮·內則》國君世子生，卜士之妻，大夫之妾使食子。《註》食謂乳養之也。《左傳·文元年》穀也食子。《註》食，養生也。又《廣韻》《集韻》《韻會》𠀤羊吏切，音異。《廣韻》人名。漢審食其，酈食其。《荀悅·漢紀》作異基。又叶式灼切，音爍。《易林》三河俱合，水怒踊躍。壞我王室，民困于食。 考證：〔《易·需卦》君子以飮食晏樂。〕謹照原文晏改宴。〔《宋史·司馬光傳》世人取果餌刻鏤之，朱緣之。〕謹照原文朱緣之改朱綠之。〔《爾雅·釋詁》食，僞也。《疏》言而不行，如日之消盡，故通謂僞言爲食言。〕謹照原文如日改如食。〔《左傳·襄九年》古之火正或食於心或食於咮，以出納火。〕謹照原文出納改出内。〔《周禮·地官·廩人》廩人賙賜稍食。〕謹按廩人二字不當重複。謹照原文廩人賙赐稍食改匪頒賙赐稍食。 |
| Fanqie: | 羊吏 (《廣韻·去聲·志·異》) 乗力 (《廣韻·入聲·職·食》) |
| Equivalent readings: | 嗣 (《四書章句集注·論語集注·為政第二》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·論語集注·雍也第六》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·論語集注·述而第七》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·論語集注·鄉黨第十》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·論語集注·鄉黨第十》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·論語集注·鄉黨第十》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·論語集注·鄉黨第十》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·論語集注·微子第十八》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·孟子集注·梁惠王章句下》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·孟子集注·滕文公章句上》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·孟子集注·滕文公章句下》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·孟子集注·滕文公章句下》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·孟子集注·滕文公章句下》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·孟子集注·離婁章句下》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·孟子集注·萬章章句上》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·孟子集注·萬章章句下》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·孟子集注·萬章章句下》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·孟子集注·告子章句上》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·孟子集注·盡心章句上》) 嗣 (《四書章句集注·孟子集注·盡心章句上》) |
| Unihan definition: | eat; meal; food; KangXi radical number 184 |
Example usage
| 《論語·學而》: | 子曰：「君子食無求飽，居無求安，敏於事而慎於言，就有道而正焉，可謂好學也已。」 |
| The Master said, "He who aims to be a man of complete virtue in his food does not seek to gratify his appetite, nor in his dwelling place does he seek the appliances of ease; he is earnest in what he is doing, and careful in his speech; he frequents the company of men of principle that he may be rectified - such a person may be said indeed to love to learn." | |
| 《孟子·盡心上》: | 孟子曰：「食而弗愛，豕交之也。」 |
| Mencius said, 'To feed a scholar and not love him, is to treat him as a pig.' | |
| 《禮記·三年問》: | 斬衰苴杖，居倚廬，食粥，寢苫枕塊，所以為至痛飾也。 |
| The sackcloth with jagged edges, the dark colour of the sackcloth and the staff, the shed reared against the wall, the gruel, the sleeping on straw, and the clod of earth for a pillow - these all were intended to set forth the extremity of the grief. | |
| 《孝經·喪親》: | 子曰：「孝子之喪親也，哭不偯，禮無容，言不文，服美不安，聞樂不樂，食旨不甘，此哀戚之情也。」 |
| The Master said, "When a filial son is mourning for a parent, he wails, but not with a prolonged sobbing. In the movements of ceremony he pays no attention to his appearance. His words are without elegance of phrase. He cannot bear to wear fine clothes. When he hears music, he feels no delight. When he eats a delicacy, he is not conscious of its flavor. Such is the nature of grief and sorrow." | |
| 《揚子法言》: | 頻頻之黨，甚於鸒斯，亦賊夫糧食而已矣。 |
| Factions formed from cliques are even worse than a flock of crows; indeed, crows do no more than steal food. | |
| 《莊子·逍遙遊》: | 曰：「藐姑射之山，有神人居焉，肌膚若冰雪，淖約若處子，不食五穀，吸風飲露。」 |
| And the other replied, (He said) that 'Far away on the hill of Gu Ye there dwelt a Spirit-like man whose flesh and skin were (smooth) as ice and (white) as snow; that his manner was elegant and delicate as that of a virgin; that he did not eat any of the five grains, but inhaled the wind and drank the dew.' | |
| 《道德經》: | 我獨異於人，而貴食母。 |
| (Thus) I alone am different from other men, but I value the nursing-mother (the Dao). | |
| 《商君書·墾令》: | 祿厚而稅多，食口眾者，敗農者也。 |
| If salaries are liberal and consequently taxes numerous, then the large number of persons who live on others would mean ruin for agriculture. | |
| 《孫子兵法·作戰》: | 善用兵者，役不再籍，糧不三載，取用于國，因糧于敵，故軍食可足也。 |
| The skillful soldier does not raise a second levy, neither are his supply-wagons loaded more than twice. Bring war material with you from home, but forage on the enemy. Thus the army will have food enough for its needs. | |
| 《荀子·大略》: | 飲而不食者，蟬也。 |
| 《說苑·君道》: | 周公踐天子之位布德施惠，遠而逾明，十二牧，方三人，出舉遠方之民，有饑寒而不得衣食者，有獄訟而失職者，有賢才而不舉者，以入告乎天子，天子於其君之朝也，攝而進之曰：「意朕之政教有不得者與！」 |
| 《春秋繁露·竹林》: | 曰：為其有慘怛之恩，不忍餓一國之民，使之相食。 |
| 《韓詩外傳·卷一》: | 人有三死而非命也者，自取之也：居處不理，飲食不節，勞過者，病共殺之。 |
| 《大戴禮記·主言》: | 其博有萬民也，如飢而食，如渴而飲，下土之人信之夫！ |
| 《白虎通德論·號》: | 古之時未有三綱、六紀，民人但知其母，不知其父，能覆前而不能覆後，臥之言去言去，起之吁吁，飢即求食，飽即棄余，茹毛飲血而衣皮葦。 |
| 《新書·脩政語上》: | 湯曰：藥食嘗於卑，然後至於貴。 |
| 《新序·善謀下》: | 留侯張子房，於漢已定，性多疾，即導引不食穀，杜門不出。 |
| 《中論·虛道》: | 夫酒食、人之所愛者也，而人相見莫不進焉，不吝於所愛者，以彼之嗜之也，使嗜者甚於酒食，人豈愛之？ |
| 《孔子家語·相魯》: | 長幼異食，強弱異任，男女別塗。 |
| 《潛夫論·讚學》: | 孔子曰：「吾嘗終日不食，終夜不寢，以思，無益，不如學也。」 |
| 《論衡·命義》: | 故妊婦食兔，子生缺脣。 |
| 《太玄經·𤕠》: | 次四，𤕠于酒食，肥無譽。 |
| 《風俗通義·三皇》: | 始作耒耜，教民耕種，美其衣食，德濃厚若神，故為神農也。 |
| 《孔叢子·論書》: | 孔子曰：「勞能定國，功加於民，大臣死難，雖食之公廟可也。」 |
| 《申鑒·政體》: | 迫則飛，踈則放，志閑則比之，流緩而不安則食之。 |
| 《忠經·守宰章》: | 寒者衣之，饑者食之。 |
| 《新語·道基》: | 民人食肉飲血，衣皮毛。 |
| 《獨斷·卷上》: | 謂天子所服食者也 |
| 《蔡中郎集·獨斷》: | 大官送用，園令食監典省其親陵所宮人，隨鼓漏，理被枕，具盥水，陳嚴具。 |
| 《墨子·經下》: | 物盡同名：二與鬥，愛，食與招，白與視，麗與，夫與履。 |
| 《列子·天瑞》: | 子列子適衛，食於道，從者見百歲髑髏，攓蓬而指，顧謂弟子百豐曰：「唯予與彼知而未嘗生未嘗死也。」 |
| 《鶡冠子·天則》: | 故天道先貴覆者，地道先貴載者，人道先貴事者，酒保先貴食者。 |
| 《文子·道原》: | 視瞑瞑，立井而飲，耕田而食，不布施，不求德，高下不相傾，長短不相形，風齊於俗可隨也，事周於能易為也，矜偽以惑世，軻行以迷眾，聖人不以為俗。 |
| 《文始真經·一宇》: | 忽望波明食動，幸賜于天，即而就之，漁釣斃焉。 |
| 《列仙傳·赤將子輿》: | 不食五穀，而噉百草花。 |
| 《鬻子·上禹政第六》: | 是以禹嘗據一饋而七十起，日中而不暇飽食，曰：「吾猶恐四海之士留於道路。」 |
| 《老子河上公章句》: | 而貴食母。 |
| 《韓非子·存韓》: | 荊人不動，魏不足患也，則諸侯可蠶食而盡，趙氏可得與敵矣。 |
| 《申不害·佚文》: | 土，食之本也。太平御覽三十七、天中記七、繹史一百十一 |
| 《慎子·逸文》: | 飲過度者生水，食過度者生貪。 |
| 《諫逐客書》: | 昭王得范睢，廢穰侯，逐華陽，彊公室，杜私門，蠶食諸侯，使秦成帝業。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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